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1.
Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras. (1992) ; 64(6): 543-548, June 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-956478

ABSTRACT

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic performance of CT findings in differentiating causes of pneumatosis intestinalis (PI), including benign and life-threatening causes. METHODS: All CT reports containing the word "pneumatosis" were queried from June 1st, 2006 to May 31st, 2015. A total of 42 patients with PI were enrolled (mean age, 63.4 years; 23 males and 19 females) and divided into two groups on based on electronic medical records: a benign group (n=24) and a life-threatening group (n=18). Two radiologists reviewed CT images and evaluated CT findings including bowel distension, the pattern of bowel wall enhancement, bowel wall defect, portal venous gas (PVG), mesenteric venous gas (MVG), extraluminal free air, and ascites. RESULTS: CT findings including bowel distension, decreased bowel wall enhancement, PVG, and ascites were more commonly identified in the life-threatening group (all p<0.05). All cases with PVG were included in the life-threatening group (8/18 patients, 44.4%). Bowel wall defect, extraluminal free air, and mesenteric venous gas showed no statistical significance between both groups. CONCLUSION: PI and concurrent PVG, bowel distension, decreased bowel wall enhancement, or ascites were significantly associated with life-threatening causes and unfavorable prognosis. Thus, evaluating ancillary CT features when we encountered PI would help us characterize the causes of PI and determine the appropriate treatment option.


RESUMO OBJETIVO: Avaliar o desempenho diagnóstico dos achados CT em causas diferenciadoras da pneumatose intestinal (PI), incluindo causas benignas e que ameaçam a vida. MÉTODOS: Todos os relatórios CT contendo a palavra "pneumatose" foram questionados de 10 de junho de 2006 a 31 de maio de 2015. Um total de 42 pacientes com PI foi matriculado (idade média 63,4 anos, 23 do sexo masculino e 19 do sexo feminino) e divididos em dois grupos na base de registros médicos elétricos: grupo benigno, n = 24 e grupo com risco de vida, n = 18. Dois radiologistas analisaram as imagens da CT e avaliaram seus achados, incluindo distensão intestinal, padrão de realce da parede intestinal, defeito da parede intestinal, gás venoso portal (PVG), gás venoso mesentérico (MVG), ar extraluminal e ascite. RESULTADOS: Achados CT, incluindo distensão intestinal, diminuição do realce da parede intestinal. PVG e ascite foram mais comumente identificados em grupo com risco de vida (todos p < 0,05, respectivamente). Todos os casos com PVG foram incluídos em grupo com risco de vida (8/18 pacientes, 44,4%). Defeito da parede do intestino, ar livre extraluminal e gás venoso mesentérico não mostraram significância estatística entre dois grupos. CONCLUSÃO: PI e PVG concorrente, distensão intestinal, diminuição do aumento da parede do intestino ou ascites foram significativamente associados com causas que ameaçaram a vida e prognóstico desfavorável. Portanto, avaliar os recursos de CT auxiliares quando encontramos PI nos ajudaria a caracterizar as causas de PI e determinar a opção de tratamento apropriada.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/diagnostic imaging , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Portal System/diagnostic imaging , Prognosis , Ascites/diagnostic imaging , Severity of Illness Index , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Retrospective Studies , Diagnosis, Differential , Middle Aged
2.
Rev. chil. radiol ; 24(1): 40-43, mar. 2018. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959572

ABSTRACT

Portograma aéreo o portograma de aire (PA), se define como la presencia de aire en el sistema venoso portomesentérico. Neumatosis intestinal (NI) se define como la presencia de aire en la pared intestinal, independiente de su causa o localización. La principal etiología de estas alteraciones es la isquemia intestinal aguda y en general, se consideran predictores de perforación intestinal y de mal pronóstico. Un pequeño grupo de pacientes con PA y/o NI pueden evolucionar sin complicaciones e incluso cursan sin manifestaciones clínicas. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con antecedente quirúrgico inmediato de gastrectomía total y reconstrucción en Y de Roux, que evidenció en tomografía computarizada (TC) de abdomen de control PA y NI, sin alteraciones clínicas significativas asociadas.


Hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) is defined as the presence of air in the portal venous system. Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is defined as the presence of air within the bowel wall, regardless of its cause or location. Its main etiology is the intestinal ischemia and are generally considered predictors of intestinal perforation and wrong prognosis. A small group of patients with HPVG and PI may have a different clinical course, without complications and clinical manifestations. We report the case of a patient with immediate surgical history of total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y reconstruction, which showed in computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen HPVG and PI, without associated clinically significant changes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/diagnostic imaging , Portal Vein/diagnostic imaging , Embolism, Air/diagnostic imaging , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Incidental Findings , Embolism, Air/etiology , Gastrectomy/adverse effects
4.
GED gastroenterol. endosc. dig ; 36(1): 34-38, jan.-mar. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-833546

ABSTRACT

Pneumatose intestinal (PI) consiste em um achado de imagem correspondente à presença de ar na parede intestinal. É um sinal infrequente, mais comum em idosos e sem predileção por sexo. Existem várias causas relatadas na literatura, sendo alguns casos reportados como idiopáticos. A modalidade diagnóstica de maior sensibilidade é a tomografia computadorizada de abdome. A maioria dos casos é assintomática, porém, uma pequena parcela pode evoluir com complicações graves, necessitando de intervenções imediatas. A inexistência de um consenso a respeito do manejo dos pacientes com PI, somada ao pouco conhecimento dos médicos acerca dessa enfermidade, resulta em um cenário clínico delicado. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar o caso de um paciente com PI, destacando o manejo terapêutico adotado.


Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) consists in an image finding corresponding to the presence of air in the intestinal wall. It is an infrequent sign, more common in the elderly and without gender predilection. There are numerous causes described in the literature, and some cases are referred as idiopathic. The diagnostic modality with the highest sensibility is the computed tomography of the abdomen. The majority of cases are asymptomatic, but a small portion can evolve with severe complications, needing immediate interventions. The lack of a consensus regarding PI patients' management, along with the low knowledge level of physicians about the existence of this disorder, results in a delicate clinical scenario. The objective of this article is to report the case of a patient with PI, highlighting the adopted therapeutic management.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged, 80 and over , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/diagnostic imaging , Gastrointestinal Tract
5.
Rev. chil. cir ; 68(1): 72-75, feb. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-780537

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis (PCI) is a rare entity characterized by the presence of air in the intestinal wall. In most cases, it is secondary to a number of mainly intra-abdominal processesthat mostly require urgent surgery but, in a small percentage of cases, it is idiopathic and usually has a morebenign course, caused by, among other things, a series of mechanical factors causing mucosal damage andtherefore predisposing to the formation of cysts. Case report: Here we describe a case of a patient undergoingright hemicolectomy for colon cancer and subsequently treated with chemotherapy that developed PCI twoyears after treatment ended. At all times, the patient was asymptomatic, despite the evolution of PCI and thedevelopment of associated pneumoperitoneum.


Resumen Introducción: La neumatosis quística intestinal (NQI) es una entidad poco frecuente que se caracteriza por la presencia de aire en la pared intestinal. En la mayoría de las ocasiones es secundaria a una serie de procesos fundamentalmente intrabdominales y que en su mayoría requieren cirugía urgente, pero en un pequeño porcentaje de casos es idiopática y suele tener un curso más benigno, causada entre otras cosas por una serie de factores mecánicos que ocasionan el daño de la mucosa y por lo tanto predisponen a la formación de quistes. Caso clínico: Presentamos el caso de un paciente sometido a una hemicolectomía derecha por cáncer de colon y tratado posteriormente con quimioterapia que desarrolla una NQI a los dos años de finalizado el tratamiento. En todo momento el paciente se ha encontrado asintomático a pesar de la evolución de la NQI yel desarrollo de neumoperitoneo asociado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/etiology , Pneumoperitoneum/etiology , Postoperative Complications , Pneumatosis Cystoides Intestinalis/diagnostic imaging , Pneumoperitoneum/diagnostic imaging , Asymptomatic Diseases
7.
Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology [The]. 1998; 4 (2): 101-104
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-49602
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